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In linguistics, a verb phrase or VP is a syntactic unit composed of at least one verb and its dependentsobjects, complements and other modifiersbut not always including the subject. Thus in the sentence ''A fat man put the jewels quickly in the box'', the words ''put the jewels quickly in the box'' is a verb phrase; it consists of the verb ''put'' and its dependents, but not the subject ''a fat man''. A verb phrase is similar to what is considered a ''predicate'' in more traditional grammars. Verb phrases generally are divided among two types: finite, of which the head of the phrase is a finite verb; and nonfinite, where the head is a nonfinite verb, such as an infinitive, participle or gerund. Phrase structure grammars acknowledge both types, but dependency grammars treat the subject as just another verbal dependent, and they do not recognize the finite verbal phrase constituent. Understanding verb phrase analysis depends upon knowing which theory obtains in context. ==Verb phrases in phrase structure grammars== In phrase structure grammars such as generative grammar, the verb phrase is one headed by a verb. It may be composed of only a single verb, but typically it consists of combinations of main and auxiliary verbs, plus optional specifiers, complements (not including subject complements), and adjuncts. For example: :Yankee batters hit the ball well enough to win their first World Series since 2000. :Mary saw the man through the window. :David gave Mary a book. The first example contains the long verb phrase ''hit the ball well enough to win their first World Series since 2000''; the second is a verb phrase composed of the main verb ''saw'', the complement phrase ''the man'' (a noun phrase), and the adjunct phrase ''through the window'' (a prepositional phrase). The third example presents three elements, the main verb ''gave'', the noun ''Mary'', and the noun phrase ''a book'', all which comprise the verb phrase. Note, the verb phrase described here corresponds to the predicate of traditional grammar. Current views vary on whether all languages have a verb phrase; some schools of generative grammar (such as Principles and Parameters) hold that all languages have a verb phrase, while others (such as Lexical Functional Grammar) take the view that at least some languages lack a verb phrase constituent, including those languages with a very free word order (the so-called non-configurational languages, such as Japanese, Hungarian, or Australian aboriginal languages), and some languages with a default VSO order (several Celtic and Oceanic languages). Phrase structure grammars view both finite and nonfinite verb phrases as constituent phrases and, consequently, do not draw any key distinction between them. Dependency grammars (described below) are much different in this regard. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Verb phrase」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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